SaxXmlParser.php
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<?php
/**
* PHPTAL templating engine
*
* PHP Version 5
*
* @category HTML
* @package PHPTAL
* @author Laurent Bedubourg <lbedubourg@motion-twin.com>
* @author Kornel Lesiński <kornel@aardvarkmedia.co.uk>
* @license http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html GNU Lesser General Public License
* @version SVN: $Id: SaxXmlParser.php 758 2009-10-24 23:55:29Z kornel $
* @link http://phptal.org/
*/
/**
* Simple sax like xml parser for PHPTAL
* ("Dom" in the class name comes from name of the directory, not mode of operation)
*
* At the time this parser was created, standard PHP libraries were not suitable
* (could not retrieve doctypes, xml declaration, problems with comments and CDATA).
*
* There are still some problems: XML parsers don't care about exact format of enties
* or CDATA sections (PHPTAL tries to preserve them),
* <?php ?> blocks are not allowed in attributes.
*
* This parser failed to enforce some XML well-formedness constraints,
* and there are ill-formed templates "in the wild" because of this.
*
* @package PHPTAL
* @subpackage Dom
* @see PHPTAL_DOM_DocumentBuilder
*/
class PHPTAL_Dom_SaxXmlParser
{
private $_file;
private $_line;
private $_source;
// available parser states
const ST_ROOT = 0;
const ST_TEXT = 1;
const ST_LT = 2;
const ST_TAG_NAME = 3;
const ST_TAG_CLOSE = 4;
const ST_TAG_SINGLE = 5;
const ST_TAG_ATTRIBUTES = 6;
const ST_TAG_BETWEEN_ATTRIBUTE = 7;
const ST_CDATA = 8;
const ST_COMMENT = 9;
const ST_DOCTYPE = 10;
const ST_XMLDEC = 11;
const ST_PREPROC = 12;
const ST_ATTR_KEY = 13;
const ST_ATTR_EQ = 14;
const ST_ATTR_QUOTE = 15;
const ST_ATTR_VALUE = 16;
const BOM_STR = "\xef\xbb\xbf";
static $state_names = array(
self::ST_ROOT => 'root node',
self::ST_TEXT => 'text',
self::ST_LT => 'start of tag',
self::ST_TAG_NAME => 'tag name',
self::ST_TAG_CLOSE => 'closing tag',
self::ST_TAG_SINGLE => 'self-closing tag',
self::ST_TAG_ATTRIBUTES => 'tag',
self::ST_TAG_BETWEEN_ATTRIBUTE => 'tag attributes',
self::ST_CDATA => 'CDATA',
self::ST_COMMENT => 'comment',
self::ST_DOCTYPE => 'doctype',
self::ST_XMLDEC => 'XML declaration',
self::ST_PREPROC => 'preprocessor directive',
self::ST_ATTR_KEY => 'attribute name',
self::ST_ATTR_EQ => 'attribute value',
self::ST_ATTR_QUOTE => 'quoted attribute value',
self::ST_ATTR_VALUE => 'unquoted attribute value',
);
private $input_encoding;
public function __construct($input_encoding)
{
$this->input_encoding = $input_encoding;
$this->_file = "<string>";
}
public function parseFile(PHPTAL_Dom_DocumentBuilder $builder, $src)
{
if (!file_exists($src)) {
throw new PHPTAL_IOException("file $src not found");
}
return $this->parseString($builder, file_get_contents($src), $src);
}
public function parseString(PHPTAL_Dom_DocumentBuilder $builder, $src, $filename = '<string>')
{
try
{
$builder->setEncoding($this->input_encoding);
$this->_file = $filename;
$this->_line = 1;
$state = self::ST_ROOT;
$mark = 0;
$len = strlen($src);
$quoteStyle = '"';
$tagname = "";
$attribute = "";
$attributes = array();
$customDoctype = false;
$builder->setSource($this->_file, $this->_line);
$builder->onDocumentStart();
$i=0;
// remove BOM (UTF-8 byte order mark)...
if (substr($src, 0, 3) === self::BOM_STR) {
$i=3;
}
for (; $i<$len; $i++) {
$c = $src[$i];
if ($c === "\n") $builder->setSource($this->_file, ++$this->_line);
switch ($state) {
case self::ST_ROOT:
if ($c === '<') {
$mark = $i; // mark tag start
$state = self::ST_LT;
} elseif (!self::isWhiteChar($c)) {
$this->raiseError("Characters found before beginning of the document! (wrap document in < tal:block > to avoid this error)");
}
break;
case self::ST_TEXT:
if ($c === '<') {
if ($mark != $i) {
$builder->onElementData($this->sanitizeEscapedText($this->checkEncoding(substr($src, $mark, $i-$mark))));
}
$mark = $i;
$state = self::ST_LT;
}
break;
case self::ST_LT:
if ($c === '/') {
$mark = $i+1;
$state = self::ST_TAG_CLOSE;
} elseif ($c === '?' and strtolower(substr($src, $i, 5)) === '?xml ') {
$state = self::ST_XMLDEC;
} elseif ($c === '?') {
$state = self::ST_PREPROC;
} elseif ($c === '!' and substr($src, $i, 3) === '!--') {
$state = self::ST_COMMENT;
} elseif ($c === '!' and substr($src, $i, 8) === '![CDATA[') {
$state = self::ST_CDATA;
$mark = $i+8; // past opening tag
} elseif ($c === '!' and strtoupper(substr($src, $i, 8)) === '!DOCTYPE') {
$state = self::ST_DOCTYPE;
} elseif (self::isWhiteChar($c)) {
$state = self::ST_TEXT;
} else {
$mark = $i; // mark node name start
$attributes = array();
$attribute = "";
$state = self::ST_TAG_NAME;
}
break;
case self::ST_TAG_NAME:
if (self::isWhiteChar($c) || $c === '/' || $c === '>') {
$tagname = substr($src, $mark, $i-$mark);
if (!$this->isValidQName($tagname)) $this->raiseError("Invalid tag name '$tagname'");
if ($c === '/') {
$state = self::ST_TAG_SINGLE;
} elseif ($c === '>') {
$mark = $i+1; // mark text start
$state = self::ST_TEXT;
$builder->onElementStart($tagname, $attributes);
} else /* isWhiteChar */ {
$state = self::ST_TAG_ATTRIBUTES;
}
}
break;
case self::ST_TAG_CLOSE:
if ($c === '>') {
$tagname = rtrim(substr($src, $mark, $i-$mark));
$builder->onElementClose($tagname);
$mark = $i+1; // mark text start
$state = self::ST_TEXT;
}
break;
case self::ST_TAG_SINGLE:
if ($c !== '>') {
$this->raiseError("Expected '/>', but found '/$c' inside tag < $tagname >");
}
$mark = $i+1; // mark text start
$state = self::ST_TEXT;
$builder->onElementStart($tagname, $attributes);
$builder->onElementClose($tagname);
break;
case self::ST_TAG_BETWEEN_ATTRIBUTE:
case self::ST_TAG_ATTRIBUTES:
if ($c === '>') {
$mark = $i+1; // mark text start
$state = self::ST_TEXT;
$builder->onElementStart($tagname, $attributes);
} elseif ($c === '/') {
$state = self::ST_TAG_SINGLE;
} elseif (self::isWhiteChar($c)) {
$state = self::ST_TAG_ATTRIBUTES;
} elseif ($state === self::ST_TAG_ATTRIBUTES && $this->isValidQName($c)) {
$mark = $i; // mark attribute key start
$state = self::ST_ATTR_KEY;
} else $this->raiseError("Unexpected character '$c' between attributes of < $tagname >");
break;
case self::ST_COMMENT:
if ($c === '>' && $i > $mark+4 && substr($src, $i-2, 2) === '--') {
if (preg_match('/^-|--|-$/', substr($src, $mark +4, $i-$mark+1 -7))) {
$this->raiseError("Ill-formed comment. XML comments are not allowed to contain '--' or start/end with '-': ".substr($src, $mark+4, $i-$mark+1-7));
}
$builder->onComment($this->checkEncoding(substr($src, $mark+4, $i-$mark+1-7)));
$mark = $i+1; // mark text start
$state = self::ST_TEXT;
}
break;
case self::ST_CDATA:
if ($c === '>' and substr($src, $i-2, 2) === ']]') {
$builder->onCDATASection($this->checkEncoding(substr($src, $mark, $i-$mark-2)));
$mark = $i+1; // mark text start
$state = self::ST_TEXT;
}
break;
case self::ST_XMLDEC:
if ($c === '?' && substr($src, $i, 2) === '?>') {
$builder->onXmlDecl($this->checkEncoding(substr($src, $mark, $i-$mark+2)));
$i++; // skip '>'
$mark = $i+1; // mark text start
$state = self::ST_TEXT;
}
break;
case self::ST_DOCTYPE:
if ($c === '[') {
$customDoctype = true;
} elseif ($customDoctype && $c === '>' && substr($src, $i-1, 2) === ']>') {
$customDoctype = false;
$builder->onDocType($this->checkEncoding(substr($src, $mark, $i-$mark+1)));
$mark = $i+1; // mark text start
$state = self::ST_TEXT;
} elseif (!$customDoctype && $c === '>') {
$customDoctype = false;
$builder->onDocType($this->checkEncoding(substr($src, $mark, $i-$mark+1)));
$mark = $i+1; // mark text start
$state = self::ST_TEXT;
}
break;
case self::ST_PREPROC:
if ($c === '>' and $src[$i-1] === '?') {
$builder->onProcessingInstruction($this->checkEncoding(substr($src, $mark, $i-$mark+1)));
$mark = $i+1; // mark text start
$state = self::ST_TEXT;
}
break;
case self::ST_ATTR_KEY:
if ($c === '=' || self::isWhiteChar($c)) {
$attribute = substr($src, $mark, $i-$mark);
if (!$this->isValidQName($attribute)) {
$this->raiseError("Invalid attribute name '$attribute' in < $tagname >");
}
if (isset($attributes[$attribute])) {
$this->raiseError("Attribute $attribute in < $tagname > is defined more than once");
}
if ($c === '=') $state = self::ST_ATTR_VALUE;
else /* white char */ $state = self::ST_ATTR_EQ;
} elseif ($c === '/' || $c==='>') {
$attribute = substr($src, $mark, $i-$mark);
if (!$this->isValidQName($attribute)) {
$this->raiseError("Invalid attribute name '$attribute'");
}
$this->raiseError("Attribute $attribute does not have value (found end of tag instead of '=')");
}
break;
case self::ST_ATTR_EQ:
if ($c === '=') {
$state = self::ST_ATTR_VALUE;
} elseif (!self::isWhiteChar($c)) {
$this->raiseError("Attribute $attribute in < $tagname > does not have value (found character '$c' instead of '=')");
}
break;
case self::ST_ATTR_VALUE:
if (self::isWhiteChar($c)) {
} elseif ($c === '"' or $c === '\'') {
$quoteStyle = $c;
$state = self::ST_ATTR_QUOTE;
$mark = $i+1; // mark attribute real value start
} else {
$this->raiseError("Value of attribute $attribute in < $tagname > is not in quotes (found character '$c' instead of quote)");
}
break;
case self::ST_ATTR_QUOTE:
if ($c === $quoteStyle) {
$attributes[$attribute] = $this->sanitizeEscapedText($this->checkEncoding(substr($src, $mark, $i-$mark)));
$state = self::ST_TAG_BETWEEN_ATTRIBUTE;
}
break;
}
}
if ($state === self::ST_TEXT) // allows text past root node, which is in violation of XML spec
{
if ($i > $mark) {
$text = substr($src, $mark, $i-$mark);
if (!ctype_space($text)) $this->raiseError("Characters found after end of the root element (wrap document in < tal:block > to avoid this error)");
}
} else {
if ($state === self::ST_ROOT) {
$msg = "Document does not have any tags";
} else {
$msg = "Finished document in unexpected state: ".self::$state_names[$state]." is not finished";
}
$this->raiseError($msg);
}
$builder->onDocumentEnd();
}
catch(PHPTAL_TemplateException $e)
{
$e->hintSrcPosition($this->_file, $this->_line);
throw $e;
}
return $builder;
}
private function isValidQName($name)
{
$name = $this->checkEncoding($name);
return preg_match('/^([a-z_\x80-\xff]+[a-z0-9._\x80-\xff-]*:)?[a-z_\x80-\xff]+[a-z0-9._\x80-\xff-]*$/i', $name);
}
private function checkEncoding($str)
{
if ($str === '') return '';
if ($this->input_encoding === 'UTF-8') {
// $match expression below somehow triggers quite deep recurrency and stack overflow in preg
// to avoid this, check string bit by bit, omitting ASCII fragments.
if (strlen($str) > 200)
{
$chunks = preg_split('/(?>[\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7F]+)/',$str,NULL,PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
foreach($chunks as $chunk) {
if (strlen($chunk) < 200) {
$this->checkEncoding($chunk);
}
}
return $str;
}
// http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8
$match = '[\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7F]' // ASCII
. '|[\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]' // non-overlong 2-byte
. '|\xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]' // excluding overlongs
. '|[\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEE][\x80-\xBF]{2}' // straight 3-byte (exclude FFFE and FFFF)
. '|\xEF[\x80-\xBE][\x80-\xBF]' // straight 3-byte
. '|\xEF\xBF[\x80-\xBD]' // straight 3-byte
. '|\xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]' // excluding surrogates
. '|\xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}' // planes 1-3
. '|[\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}' // planes 4-15
. '|\xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}'; // plane 16
if (!preg_match('/^(?:(?>'.$match.'))+$/s',$str)) {
$res = preg_split('/((?>'.$match.')+)/s',$str,NULL,PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE);
for($i=0; $i < count($res); $i+=2)
{
$res[$i] = self::convertBytesToEntities(array(1=>$res[$i]));
}
$this->raiseError("Invalid UTF-8 bytes: ".implode('',$res));
}
}
if ($this->input_encoding === 'ISO-8859-1') {
// http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816/#NT-RestrictedChar
$forbid = '/((?>[\x00-\x08\x0B\x0C\x0E-\x1F\x7F-\x84\x86-\x9F]+))/s';
if (preg_match($forbid,$str)) {
$str = preg_replace_callback($forbid,array('self','convertBytesToEntities'),$str);
$this->raiseError("Invalid ISO-8859-1 characters: ".$str);
}
}
return $str;
}
/**
* preg callback
* Changes all bytes to hexadecimal XML entities
*
* @param array $m first array element is used for input
* @return string
*/
private static function convertBytesToEntities(array $m)
{
$m = $m[1]; $out = '';
for($i=0; $i < strlen($m); $i++)
{
$out .= '&#X'.strtoupper(dechex(ord($m[$i]))).';';
}
return $out;
}
/**
* This is where this parser violates XML and refuses to be an annoying bastard.
*/
private function sanitizeEscapedText($str)
{
$str = str_replace(''',''', $str); // PHP's html_entity_decode doesn't seem to support that!
/* this is ugly kludge to keep <?php ?> blocks unescaped (even in attributes) */
$types = ini_get('short_open_tag')?'php|=|':'php';
$split = preg_split("/(<\?(?:$types).*?\?>)/", $str, null, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE);
for($i=0; $i < count($split); $i+=2)
{
// escape invalid entities and < >
$split[$i] = strtr(preg_replace('/&(?!(?:#x?[a-f0-9]+|[a-z][a-z0-9]*);)/i', '&', $split[$i]),array('<'=>'<', ']]>'=>']]>'));
}
return implode('', $split);
}
public static function _htmlspecialchars($m)
{
return htmlspecialchars($m[0]);
}
public function getSourceFile()
{
return $this->_file;
}
public function getLineNumber()
{
return $this->_line;
}
public static function isWhiteChar($c)
{
return strpos(" \t\n\r\0", $c) !== false;
}
protected function raiseError($errStr)
{
throw new PHPTAL_ParserException($errStr, $this->_file, $this->_line);
}
}